Electrolysis :: Papers

In chemistry, the production of chemical changes by passing an electric current through a solution or molten flavor (the electrolyte), resulting in the migration of ions to the electrodes positive ions (cations) to the cast out electrode (cathode) and negative ions (anions) to the positive electrode (anode). During electrolysis, the ions react with the electrode, either receiving or giving up electrons. The resultant atoms may be liberated as a squander, or deposited as a solid on the electrode, in amounts that are proportional to the amount of current passed, as discovered by position chemist Michael Faraday. For instance, when acidified water is electrolysed, hydrogen ions (H+) at the cathode receive electrons to form hydrogen gas hydroxide ions (OH-) at the anode give up electrons to form oxygen gas and water. One application of electrolysis is electroplating, in which a solution of a salt, such as silver nitrate (AgNO3), is used and the object t o be plated acts as the negative electrode, thus attracting silver ions (Ag+). Electrolysis is used in many industrial processes, such as coating metals for vehicles and ships, and refining bauxite into aluminium it also forms the basis of a turning of electrochemical analytical techniques, such as polarography. Faradays laws ============== Three laws of electro magnetic induction, and two laws of electrolysis, all proposed originally by English scientist Michael Faraday Induction (1) a changing magnetic field induces an electromagnetic force In a conductor (2) the electromagnetic force is proportional to the rate of change of the field (3) the direction of the induced electromagnetic force depends on the orientation of the field. Electrolysis (1) the amount of chemical change during electrolysis is proportional to the charge passing through the liquid (2) the amount of chemical change produced in a substance by a given amount of electricity is p roportional to the electrochemical equivalent of that substance. Faradays constant ================== Constant (symbol F) representing the electric charge carried on one mole of electrons.